<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sensory Systems</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Sensory Systems</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0235-0092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5936</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Academy of Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0235009224030016</article-id><title-group><article-title>Auditory System of Blood-Sucking Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Слуховая система кровососущих комаров (Diptera, Culicidae)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"></contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapshin</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапшин</surname><given-names>Д. Н. </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>lapshin@iitp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт проблем передачи информации им. А.А. Харкевича РАН</institution><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for Information Transmission Problems (Kharkevich Institute)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>38</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review comprehensively explores the morphology of the mosquito auditory organs – antennae and Johnston’s organs. Spatial and frequency characteristics of auditory sensory neurons within Johnston’s organs are discussed, as well as the mechanisms of mechanotransduction in these neurons. The review presents findings from studies investigating the aspects of mosquito perception of acoustic signals when their auditory system is subjected to vibrations generated by flapping wings. Additionally, the review discusses the significance of acoustic communication in the reproductive behavior of mosquitoes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре приведено описание морфологии слуховых органов комаров – антенн и джонстоновых органов. Рассмотрены пространственные и частотные характеристики слуховых рецепторов в составе джонстоновых органов. Обсуждены принципы функционирования механизмов механотрансдукции в рецепторах. Приведены результаты исследования специфики восприятия комарами акустических сигналов при действии на их слуховую систему вибрации от машущих крыльев. Проанализирована роль акустической коммуникации в репродуктивном поведении комаров.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Culicidae Aedes Culex комар частотная настройка акустическая стимуляция диаграмма направленности механизм слуха брачное поведение акустическое обнаружение прокормителей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Culicidae Aedes Culex комар частотная настройка акустическая стимуляция диаграмма направленности механизм слуха брачное поведение акустическое обнаружение прокормителей</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>B1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильева О. Л., Корзиков В. А., Габараева Е. А., Рогуленко А. В., Винникова О. Н., Овсянникова Л.В. Обзор фауны кровососущих комаров (Culicidae) Калужской области – потенциальных переносчиков возбудителей опасных болезней человека. Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни. 2019. № 3. С. 3–9. DOI: 10.33092/0025-8326mp2019.3.3-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>B2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воронцов Д. Д., Лапшин Д. Н. Влияние октопамина на частотную настройку слуховой системы комаров Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae). Сенсорные системы. 2023. Т. 37. № 3. С. 244–257. DOI: 10.31857/S0235009223030071</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>B3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кажан В. Г., Мошков П. А., Самохин В. Ф. Природный фон при проведении акустических испытаний самолетов на аэродроме базирования малой авиации. Наука и образование. МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана. Электрон. журн. 2015. № 7. С. 146–170. DOI: 10.7463/0715.0782827</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>B4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшин Д. Н. Частотные характеристики слуховых интернейронов самцов комаров Culex pipiens pipiens L. (Diptera, Culicidae). Доклады Академии наук. 2011. Т. 439. № 2. С. 279–282.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>B5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшин Д.Н. Биоакустика комаров: функционирование слуховой системы самцов Culex pipiens pipiens L. в условиях имитации полёта. Энтомологическое обозрение. 2012а. Т. 91. № 1. С. 36–57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>B6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшин Д.Н. Слуховая система самок кровососущих комаров (Diptera, Culicidae): акустическое восприятие в условиях имитации полёта. Энтомологическое обозрение. 2012б. Т. 91. № 3. С. 465–484.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>B7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшин Д. Н., Воронцов Д. Д. Низкочастотные звуки отпугивают самцов комаров Aedes diantaeus N.D.К. (Diptera, Culicidae). Энтомологическое обозрение. 2018. Т. 97. № 2. С. 194–202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>B8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшин Д. Н., Воронцов Д. Д. Функции слуховой системы самок кровососущих комаров (Diptera, Culicidae). Энтомологическое обозрение. 2023. Т. 102. № 3. С. 205–221.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>B9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лепендин Д. Ф. Акустика. М.: Высшая школа, 1978. 448 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>B10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тамарина Н. А., Жантиев Р. Д., Федорова М. В. Частотные характеристики звуков полета и джонстоновых органов симпатрических комаров рода Aedes (Culicidae). Паразитология. 1980. Т. 14. С. 398–402.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>B11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова М. В., Лопатина Ю. В., Хуторецкая Н. В., Лазоренко В. В., Платонов А. Е. Изучение фауны кровососущих комаров (Diptera, Culicidae) г. Волгограда в связи со вспышкой лихорадки Западного Нила в Волгоградской области в 1999 г. Паразитология. 2004. Т. 38. № 3. С. 209–218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>B12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова М. В., Рябова Т. Е., Шапошникова Л. И., Лопатина Ю. В., Себенцова А. Н., Юничева Ю. В. Инвазивные виды комаров на территории г. Сочи: места развития преимагинальных стадий и методы учета численности. Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни. 2017. № 4. С. 9–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>B13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова М. В., Швец О. Г., Юничева Ю. В., Медяник И. М., Рябова Т. Е., Отставнова А. Д. Современные границы распространения инвазивных комаров Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.,1762) и Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) на юге Краснодарского края России. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2018. Т. 2. С.101–105. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2018-2-101-105</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>B14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Харкевич А. А. Основы радиотехники. М.: Связьиздат, 1962. 350 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>B15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andrés M., Seifert M., Spalthoff C., Warren B., Weiss L., Giraldo D., Winkler M., Pauls S., Go M. Göpfert M. C. Auditory efferent system modulates mosquito hearing. Current Biology. 2016. V. 26. P. 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.05.077</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>B16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aldersley A., Champneys A. R., Homer M., Robert D. Quantitative analysis of harmonic convergence in mosquito auditory interactions. J. Royal Society Interface. 2016. V. 13. № 117. P. 20151007. DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.1007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>B17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arthur B. J., Wyttenbach R. A., Harrington L. C., Hoy R. R. Neural responses to one- and two-tone stimuli in the hearing organ of the dengue vector mosquito. J. Experimental Biology. 2010. V. 213. P. 1376–1385. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.033357</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>B18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartlett-Healy K., Crans W., Gaugler R. Phonotaxis to amphibian vocalizations in Culex territans (Diptera: Culicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 2008. V. 101. P. 95–103. DOI: 10.1603/0013-8746(2008)101[95:PTAVIC]2.0.CO;2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>B19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartholomew G. A., Heinrich B. A field study of flight temperatures in moths in relation to body weight and wing loading. J. Experimental Biology. 1973. V. 58. P. 123–135. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.58.1.123</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>B20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belton P. Trapping mosquitoes with sound. Proceedings California Mosquito Control Association. 1967. V. 35. P. 98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>B21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belton P. An analysis of direction finding in male mosquitoes. Experimental Analysis of Insect Behaviour. Ed. Browne L. B. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, New York, NY, USA. Springer, 1974. P. 139–148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>B22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boo K. S., Richards A. G. Fine structure of the scolopidia in the Johnston’s organ of male Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 1975a. V. 4. P. 549–566. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7322(75)90031-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>B23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boo K. S., Richards A. G. Fine structure of scolopidia in Johnston’s organ of female Aedes aegypti compared with that of the male. J. Insect Physiol. 1975b. V. 21. P. 1129–1139. DOI:10.1016/0022-1910(75)90126-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>B24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borkent A., Grimaldi D. A. The Earliest Fossil Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae), in mid-cretaceous burmese amber. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 2004. V. 97. № 5. P. 882–888. DOI: 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0882:TEFMDC]2.0.CO;2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>B25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borkent A., Belton P. Attraction of female Uranotaenia lowii (Diptera: Culicidae) to frog calls in Costa Rica. The Canadian Entomologist. 2006. V. 138. P. 91–94. DOI: 10.4039/n04-113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>B26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cator L. J., Arthur B. J., Harrington L. C., Hoy R. R. Harmonic convergence in the love songs of the dengue vector mosquito. Science. 2009. V. 323. P. 1077–1079. DOI: 10.1126/science.1166541</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>B27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charlwood J. D., Jones M. D.R. Mating behaviour in the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.1. Close range and contact behaviour. Physiological Entomology. 2008. V. 4. № 2. P. 111–120. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1979.tb00185.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>B28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clements A. N. The biology of mosquitoes Vol. 2 Sensory Reception and Behaviour. New York. CABI Publishing, 1999. 758 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>B29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clemens J., Ozeri-Engelhard N., Murthy M. Fast intensity adaptation enhances the encoding of sound in Drosophila. Nat. Commun. 2018. V. 9. 134. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02453-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>B30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feugère L., Roux O., Gibson G. Behavioural analysis of swarming mosquitoes reveals high hearing sensitivity in Anopheles coluzzii. J. Experimental Biology. 2022. V. 225. № 5. jeb243535. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243535</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>B31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finetti L., Paluzzi J. P., Orchard I., Lange A. B. Octopamine and tyramine signalling in Aedes aegypti: Molecular characterization and insight into potential physiological roles. PloS one. 2023. V. 18. № 2. e0281917. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281917</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>B32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fitch J. L., Holbrook A. Modal vocal fundamental frequency of young adults. Archives of Otolaryngology. 1970. V. 92. P. 379–382. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.1970.04310040067012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B33"><label>B33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Georgiades M., Alampounti C. A., Somers J., Su M., Ellis D., Bagi J., Ntabaliba W., Moore S., Albert J. T., Andrés M. A novel beta-adrenergic like octopamine receptor modulates the audition of malaria mosquitoes and serves as in secticide. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/ 2022.08.02.502538v1 (accessed 08.02.2022) (preprint). DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.02.502538</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B34"><label>B34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibson G., Russell I. Flying in tune: sexual recognition in mosquitoes. Current Biology. 2006. V. 16. P. 1311–1316. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B35"><label>B35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibson G., Warren B., Russell I. Humming in tune: sex and species recognition by mosquitoes on the wing. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology. 2010. V. 11. P. 527–540. DOI: 10.1007/s10162-010-0243-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B36"><label>B36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gokhale A., Wirschell M., Sale W. S. Regulation of dynein-driven microtubule sliding by the axonemal protein kinase CK1 in Chlamydomonas flagella. J. Cell Biol. 2009. V. 186. №. 6. P. 817–824. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200906168</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B37"><label>B37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Göpfert M. C., Robert D. Nanometre-range acoustic sensitivity in male and female mosquitoes. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 2000. V. 267. P. 453–457. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B38"><label>B38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Göpfert M. C., Robert D. Active auditory mechanics in mosquitoes. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 2001. V. 268. P. 333–339. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1376</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B39"><label>B39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Göpfert M. C., Robert D. Motion generation by Drosophila mechanosensory neurons. PNAS. 2003. V. 100. № 9. P. 5514–5519. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0737564100</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B40"><label>B40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Göpfert M. C., Briegel H., Robert D. Mosquito hearing: sound-induced antennal vibrations in male and female Aedes aegypti. J. Experimental Biology. 1999. V. 202. P. 2727–2738. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202.20.2727</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B41"><label>B41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Göpfert M. C., Humphris A. D.L., Albert J. T., Robert D., Hendrich O. Power gain exhibited by motile mechanosensory neurons in Drosophila ears. PNAS. 2005. V. 102. № 2. P. 325–330. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0405741102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B42"><label>B42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hart M., Belton P., Kuhn R. The Risler Manuscript. European Mosquito Bulletin. 2011. V. 29. P. 103–111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B43"><label>B43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ignell R., Dekker T., Ghaninia M., Hansson B. S. Neuronal architecture of the mosquito deutocerebrum. J. Comparative Neurology. 2005. V. 493. P. 207–240. DOI: 10.1002/cne.20800</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B44"><label>B44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jackson J. C., Robert D. Nonlinear auditory mechanism enhances female sounds for male mosquitoes. PNAS. 2006. V. 103. № 45. P. 16734–16739. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0606319103</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B45"><label>B45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnston C. Auditory apparatus of the Culex mosquito. quart. J. Microscop. Sci. 1855. V. 3. P. 97–102. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.s1-3.10.97</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B46"><label>B46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamikouchi A., Inagaki H. K., Effertz T., Hendrich O., Fiala A., Göpfert M. C., Ito K. The neural basis of Drosophila gravity sensing and hearing. Nature. 2009. V. 458, P. 165–171. DOI: 10.1038/nature07810</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B47"><label>B47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamimura S., Kamiya R. High-frequency nanometre-scale vibration in ‘quiescent’ flagellar axonemes. Nature. 1989. V. 340. P. 476–478. DOI: 10.1038/340476a0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B48"><label>B48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kernan M., Zuker C. Genetic approaches to mechanosensory transduction. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 1995. V. 5. № 4. P. 443–448. DOI: 10.1016/0959-4388(95)80003-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B49"><label>B49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Köppl C., Мanley G. A. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in the bobtail lizard. I. General characteristics. Hear. Res. 1993. V. 71. P. 157–169. DOI: 10.1016/0378-5955(93)90031-u</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B50"><label>B50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N. Mosquito bioacoustics: auditory processing in males of Culex pipiens pipiens L. (Diptera, Culicidae) during flight simulation. Entomological Review. 2012. V. 92. № 6. P. 605–621. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873812060024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B51"><label>B51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N. Auditory system of blood-sucking mosquito females (Diptera, Culicidae): acoustic perception during the flight simulation. Entomological Review. 2013. V. 93. № 2. P. 135–149. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873813020012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B52"><label>B52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Frequency tuning of individual auditory receptors in female mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae). J. Insect Physiol. 2013. V. 59. № 8. P. 828–839. DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.05.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B53"><label>B53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Frequency organization of the Johnston organ in male mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae). J. Experimental Biology. 2017. V. 220. P. 3927–3938. DOI:10.1242/jeb.152017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B54"><label>B54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Low-frequency sounds repel male mosquitoes Aedes diantaeus N.D.K. (Diptera, Culicidae). Entomological Review. 2018. V. 98. № 3. P. 266–271. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873818030028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B55"><label>B55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Directional and frequency characteristics of auditory neurons in Culex male mosquitoes. J. Experimental Biology. 2019. V. 222. jeb208785. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.208785</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B56"><label>B56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Frequency tuning of swarming male mosquitoes (Aedes communis, Culicidae) and its neural mechanisms. J. Insect Physiology. 2021. V. 132. DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104233</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B57"><label>B57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Mapping the auditory space of Culex pipiens female mosquitoes in 3D. Insects. 2023a. V. 14. № 743. P. 1–23. DOI: 10.3390/insects14090743</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B58"><label>B58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapshin D. N., Vorontsov D. D. Functions of the auditory system of female mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae). Entomological Review. 2023b. V. 103. №. 3, P. 251–262. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873823030016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B59"><label>B59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loh Y. M., Su M. P., Ellis D. A. and Andrés M. The auditory efferent system in mosquitoes. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2023. V. 11-1123738.11. P. 1–15. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1123738</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B60"><label>B60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McIver S. B. Sensilla mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Med. Entomol. 1982. V. 19. № 5. P. 489–535. DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/19.5.489</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B61"><label>B61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manley G. A., Yates G. A., Köppl C. Auditory peripheral resonance: evidence for a simple resonance phenomenon in the lizard Tiliqua. Hear. Res. 1988. V. 33. P. 181–190. DOI: 10.1016/0378-5955(88)90031-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B62"><label>B62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsuo E., Kamikouchi A. Neuronal encoding of sound, gravity, and wind in the fruit fly. J. Comp. Physiol. A. Neuroethol. Sens. Neural. Behav. Physiol. 2013. V. 199. P. 253–262. DOI: 10.1007/s00359-013-0806-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B63"><label>B63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Menda G., Nitzany E. I., Shamble P. S., Wells A., Harrington L. C., Miles R. N., Hoy R. R. The long and short of hearing in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Current Biology. 2019. V. 29. № 4. P. 709–714. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B64"><label>B64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nadrowski B., Martin P., Jülicher F. Active hair-bundle motility harnesses noise to operate near an optimum of mechanosensitivity. PNAS. 2004. V. 101. № 33. P. 12195–12200. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0403020101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B65"><label>B65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nadrowski B., Albert J. T., Göpfert M. C. Transducer-based force generation explains active process in Drosophila hearing. Current Biology. 2008. V. 18. P. 1365–1372. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.07.095</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B66"><label>B66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nadrowski B., Göpfert M. C. Level-dependent auditory tuning: transducer-based active processes in hearing and best-frequency shifts. Communicative and Integrative Biology. 2009. B. 2. Ausgabe 1. S. 7–10. DOI: 10.4161/CIB.2.1.7299</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B67"><label>B67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ogawa K., Sato H. Relationship between male acoustic response and female wingbeat frequency in a chironomid midge, Chironomus yoshimatsui (Diptera: Chironomidae). Medical Entomology and Zoology. 1993. V. 44. № 4. P. 355–360. DOI: 10.7601/mez.44.355</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B68"><label>B68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pennetier C., Warren B., Dabiré K. R., Russell I. J., Gibson G. “Singing on the wing” as a mechanism for species recognition in the malarial mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Current Biology. 2010. V. 20. P. 131–136. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.040</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B69"><label>B69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Risler H., Schmidt K. Der Feinbau der Scolopidien im Johnstonschen Organ von Aedes aegypti L. Z. Naturforschung. 1967. B. 22b. S. 759–762.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B70"><label>B70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robert D., Göpfert M. C. Novel schemes for hearing and orientation in insects. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 2002. V. 12. P. 715–720. DOI: 10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00378-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B71"><label>B71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roeder K. D., Treat A. E. Ultrasonic reception by the tympanic organ of noctuid moths. J. Experimental Zoology. 1957. V.134. P.127–158. DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401340107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B72"><label>B72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Römer F. Einfluss von Temperatur und Alter auf die Flugtonhöhe beim Schwärmen von Chironomus plumosus L. Rev. Suisse Zool. 1970. Bd. 77. S. 603–616.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B73"><label>B73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roth L. M. A study of mosquito behavior. An experimental laboratory study of the sexual behavior of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus). The American Midland Naturalist. 1948. V. 40. P. 265–352.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B74"><label>B74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shimozawa T., Kanou M. The aerodynamics and sensory physiology of range fractionation in the cereal filiform sensilla of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. J. Соmр. Physiol. 1984. V. 155, № 4. P. 495–505. DOI: 10.1007/BF00611914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B75"><label>B75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shingyoji C., Higuchi H., Yoshimura M., Katayama E., Yanagida T. Dynein arms are oscillating force generators. Nature. 1998. V. 393. № 6686. P. 711–714. DOI: 10.1038/31520.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B76"><label>B76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simões P. M.V., Robert A. Ingham R. A., Gibson G., Russell I. J. A role for acoustic distortion in novel rapid frequency modulation behaviour in free-flying male mosquitoes. J. Experimental Biol. 2016. V. 219. P. 2039–2047. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.135293</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B77"><label>B77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sotavalta O. The flight-tone (wing-stroke frequency) of insects. Acta Entomol. Fenn. 1947. V. 4. P. 1–117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B78"><label>B78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Su M.P., Andrés M., Boyd-Gibbins N., Somers J., Albert J. T. Sex and species specific hearing mechanisms in mosquito flagellar ears. Nature Communications. 2018. V. 9. P. 3911. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06388-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B79"><label>B79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tischner H. Über den Gehörsinn von Stechmücken. Acustica Suisse. 1953. Bd. 3. S. 335–343.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B80"><label>B80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tischner H., Schief A. Fluggeräusch und Schallwahrnehmung bei Aedes aegypti L. (Culicidae). Zool. Anz. 1955. Bd. 18 (Suppl.). S. 453–460.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B81"><label>B81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vorontsov D. D., Lapshin D. N. Effect of octopamine on the frequency tuning of the auditory system in Culex pipiens pipiens mosquito (Diptera, Culicidae). Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology. 2024. V. 54. №. 2. 10 p. DOI: 10.1007/s11055-024-01600-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B82"><label>B82</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warren B., Gibson G., Russell I. J. Sex recognition through midflight mating duets in Culex mosquitoes is mediated by acoustic distortion. Current Biology. 2009. V. 9. P. 485–491. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.01.059</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B83"><label>B83</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warren B., Lukashkin A. N., Russell I. J. The dynein–tubulin motor powers active oscillations and amplification in the hearing organ of the mosquito. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 2010. V. 277. P. 1761–1769. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.2355</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B84"><label>B84</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wishart G., van Sickle G. R., Riordan D. F. Orientation of the males of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) to sound. Canadian Entomologist. 1962. V. 94. P. 613–626. DOI: 10.4039/Ent94613-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B85"><label>B85</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu Y.Y.J., Loh Y. M.M., Tai-Ting L., Ohashi T. S., Su M.P., Kamikouchi A. Serotonin modulation in the male Aedes aegypti ear influences hearing. Frontiers in Physiology. 2022. V. 13-931567. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.931567</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B86"><label>B86</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yack J. E. The structure and function of auditory chordotonal organs in insects. Microscopy Research and Technology. 2004. V. 63. № 6. P. 315–227. DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B87"><label>B87</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yorozu S., Wong A., Fischer B. J., Dankert H., Kernan M. J., Kamikouchi A., Ito K., Anderson D. J. Distinct sensory representations of wind and near-field sound in the Drosophila brain. Nature. 2009. V. 458. P. 201–205. DOI: 10.1038/nature07843</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B88"><label>B88</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ziemer T., Wetjen F., Herbst A. The antenna base plays a crucial role in mosquito courtship behavior. Frontiers in Tropical Diseases. 2022. V. 3. P. 803611. DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.803611</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>