<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sensory Systems</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Sensory Systems</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0235-0092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5936</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Academy of Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034593625010018</article-id><title-group><article-title>Modern approaches to cochlear implantation in inner ear anomalies: audiological aspects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные подходы к кохлеарной имплантации при аномалиях внутреннего уха: аудиологические аспекты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"></contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tunyan</surname><given-names>N. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тунян</surname><given-names>Н. Т. </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nairanit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский детский городской сурдологический центр</institution><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Audiology Center for Children</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Indications for cochlear implantation are constantly expanding, going beyond severe and complete hearing loss, including patients with unilateral deafness and, recently, with congenital inner ear malformations (Karamert et al., 2022). Among congenital cases of sensorineural hearing loss, inner ear malformations (IEM) account for approximately 20% of cases, with up to 35% of them meeting the criteria for cochlear implantation (Sennaroglu et al., 2017).    Due to the wider use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) scanning of the temporal bone, the population of cochlear implant (CI) recipients among patients with IEM is also expanding, which naturally requires a retrospective assessment of clinical outcomes. At the same time, it is certainly important to evaluate not only the surgical results, which characterize, first of all, the safety of CI in this subgroup of patients, but also audiological outcomes: the degree of restoration of speech and auditory perception, without which it is impossible to get a complete picture of the effectiveness of cochlear implantation.    Given the diverse anatomy of the cochlea in IEM, when planning cochlear implantation, determining of the electrode subtype, length and depth of its insertion, as well as the choice between CI or auditory brainstem implantation is of paramount importance not only for the success of the surgical intervention itself, but also for the results of subsequent auditory and speech rehabilitation. The purpose of this review is to analyze actual data about the audiological results assessment of cochlear implantation in patients with congenital IEM compared to patients with normal cochlear anatomy. We tried to identify IEM, in which CI gives the best results, as well as those malformations that require careful planning of surgery, specific selection of the electrode, as well as prevention of possible perioperative complications.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Показания к кохлеарной имплантации (КИ) постоянно расширяются, выходя за рамки тяжелой и полной глухоты, включая пациентов с односторонней глухотой, а также в последнее время с врожденными анатомическими аномалиями внутреннего уха (Karamert et al., 2022). Среди врожденных случаев сенсоневральной тугоухости аномалии развития внутреннего уха (АРВУ) составляют примерно 20% случаев, причем до 35% из них соответствуют критериям кохлеарной имплантации (Sennaroglu et al., 2010, 2017).    В связи с более широким использованием магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) и компьютерной томографии (КТ) сканирования височной кости расширяется и популяция реципиентов кохлеарных имплантов среди пациентов с АРВУ, что закономерно требует ретроспективной оценки клинических результатов. При этом безусловно важной является оценка не только хирургических результатов, характеризующих в первую очередь безопасность КИ в данной подгруппе пациентов, но и аудиологических исходов: степени восстановления речи и слухового восприятия, без которых нельзя получить полное представление об эффективности кохлеарной имплантации.    Учитывая разнообразную анатомию улитки при АРВУ, при планировании кохлеарной имплантации определение типа электродной решетки, длины и глубины его введения, а также выбор между КИ или стволомозговой имплантацией имеет первостепенное значение не только для успеха самого оперативного вмешательства, но и для результатов последующей слухоречевой реабилитации.    Целью настоящего обзора является анализ данных современной литературы по оценке аудиологических результатов кохлеарной имплантации у пациентов с врожденными АРВУ по сравнению с пациентами с нормальной анатомией улитки. Мы попытались выделить АРВУ, при которых КИ дает наилучшие результаты, а также те пороки развития, при которых требуется тщательное планирование хирургического этапа, специфичный выбор электродной решетки, а также профилактика возможных послеоперационных осложнений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>кохлеарная имплантация аномалии внутреннего уха выбор электродной решетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кохлеарная имплантация аномалии внутреннего уха выбор электродной решетки</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>B1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дайхес Н.А., Диаб Х.М., Корвяков В.С., Кондратчиков Д.С., Пащинина О.А., Коробкин А.С., Куян Ю.С., Панина О.С., Михалевич А.Е., Юсифов К.Д., Шамшутдинов Т.М. Классификация аномалий внутреннего уха. REJR. 2018. Т. 8(3). С. 8–19. 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